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Overview The automatic control for the molten steel level of the mold is one of the key technologies of continuous casting production. It is very important to reduce the labor intensity of workers, improve production efficiency, improve the quality and output of casting billet, reduce overflow and breakout of steel and improve the management level of steelmaking and continuous casting. The molten steel is poured into the mold. In order to prevent overflow, the molten steel level must be kept stable. Otherwise, during the casting process, if the level will fluctuate too much, and slag will be involved, forming surface slag inclusion on the surface of the casting billet, affecting the quality of the billet. The test points out that the relationship between the level fluctuation and the depth of casting billet surface slag inclusion is as follows: The experience has shown that surface slag inclusions can be eliminated when the level fluctuation is within ±10mm. At the same time, if the level fluctuation is more than 10mm, the rate of longitudinal cracks on the casting billet surface is 30%. It means that the level fluctuation directly affects the surface quality of the casting billet. The principle of the system The eddy current type molten steel level gauge is the key to the system. The system operates reliably and has excellent performance: high temperature resistance, strong anti-interference ability, fast dynamic response (lag time 0.10s), high detection accuracy (±05mm), and large measurement range (0-150mm). The selected electromagnetic field frequency ensures that the level detection probe only detects the level change of the mold and does not detect the mold flux or steel slag layer. The system has the advantages of simple operation and no radiation protection problems. The system is insensitive to argon blowing, and its sensors can be mounted on the tundish car or on the platform. The sensor is cooled by compressed air during use. The principle is shown in the figure A high-frequency exciting winding is installed above the molten steel surface of the mold. The high-frequency magnetic field generated by the high-frequency exciting winding induces eddy currents on the molten steel surface to form a magnetic field. The magnetic field generated by the induced eddy current is in the opposite direction to the magnetic field generated by the high-frequency exciting winding, which changes the impedance of the high-frequency exciting winding. Under the condition that the winding material and structure, steel grade, temperature remain unchanged, the coil impedance change only has a single-value function relationship with the height of the molten steel level. As long as the impedance change of the high-frequency winding is detected, the change of the molten steel level in the mold can be converted. The components of the system Continuous casting mold level automatic control system is composed of eddy current tyoe molten steel level gauge, controller and digital actuator for adjusting the opening of tundish stopper. The detection end of the mold level automatic control system is ① eddy current displacement sensor, which uses the eddy current mutual inductance effect between the energized coil and the metal conductor to detect the distance. The effective signal of the eddy current sensor is amplified and linearized by the circuit of ② mold level gauge, which converts the 0-150mm change in the molten steel level of the mold into a standard signal of 4-20mA.DC, and then transmits it to the ③ control computer to complete data processing and system control functions. We can also control the actuator manually and automatically through the ④on-site operation display control panel, and the opening of the stopper is controlled by the ⑤ actuator to realize the automatic control of the molten steel level. 1 Eddy current sensor; 2 mold level gauge; 3 control computer; 4 On-site operation display control panel; 5 digital actuator; The control principle of the system The system can be set to four control modes: automatic, semi-automatic, manual and motor clutch. The automatic mode is the closed-loop control system of the molten steel level, and control the opening of the stopper by the digital actuator; the semi-automatic mode uses opening degree setter and digital actuator to set the opening of the stopper manually; the manual mode is to open and close the button directly to control the opening of the stopper; the motor clutch mode is quickly changed from any of the above control methods to manual stopper operation. The functions of the system also include: display and record of molten steel level, nozzle opening and casting speed; setting of molten steel level and nozzle opening; alarm of molten steel level at limit value etc. In addition to taking the detection of molten steel level as the main feedback signal of the control system, the control system also considers various interference factors that have an impact on the level control. These interference factors include: 1. The influence of the change of the flow characteristics on the control system after the melt loss of the stopper 2. The influence of the weight change of molten steel in the tundish on the control system 3. The influence of the change of the casting speed of the continuous casting machine on the control system 4. The influence of the mold width change (the mold width is adjustable) on the control system 5. The influence of the vibration frequency and amplitude of the mold on the molten steel level gauge The function and software implementation In order to overcome these disturbances, the mold level control strategy adopts PID control. And on the basis of PID control, self-adaptive correction and feedforward control are introduced to form an advanced control system. The level control is the main loop, and there is a proportional gain of the main loop controller. According to the self-adaptive correction of the mold width change and feedforward compensation of casting speed, so as to further reduce and eliminate liquid level fluctuations caused by mold width adjustment and casting speed changes. In order to reduce the frequent action of the stopper, the system adopts the intergarting time change of the controller, and automatically selects a longer intergarting time when the molten steel level fluctuates lightly. And the system will choose a shorter intergrating time when molten steel level fluctuates greatly. Thereby, the fluctuation of the controlled object caused by the frequent action of the stopper rod is suppressed. In the signal processing of molten steel level gauge, an appropriate filtering link is added and the vibration frequency synchronous filter is used for filtering processing, which can overcome the interference of mold vibration frequency and amplitude variation.

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Overview Mold is the casting billet forming equipment in continuous steel casting, and it is also the core equipment and key technology of continuous casting machine. Its function is to forcibly cool the high-temperature molten steel continuously injected into its inner cavity through the water-cooled copper plate to export its heat and to gradually solidify it into a casting billet with the required cross-sectional shape and billet shell thickness. And the casting billet, which is still in liquid state, is continuously pulled out from the lower nozzle of the mold to create conditions for casting billet to be completely solidified in the subsequent secondary cooling area. The main function of the mould oscillation device is to make the mould perform mechanical movement according to the given characteristics of amplitude, frequency and waveform deflection. The purpose is to facilitate demoulding and prevent the occurrence of sticking and breakout accidents due to the bonding of the casting billet with the copper wall of the mold during the solidification process. MOC-K100 mould oscillation online monitoring system can three-dimensionally detect the positive and negative frequencies and waveform characteristics of the mould oscillation. The online changing data is provided in real time, which provides convenient and effective detection methods for on-site inspection personnel. The meaning of the system 1. When the continuous casting machine is not working properly, the billet quality problems (such as unstable oscillation marks, edge cracks, etc.) occur. According to the monitoring results of the system, we can combine with the actual on- site situation to analyze the cause of the failure, and efficiently evaluate and solve the problem of the oscillation table to improve product quality. 2. During the normal operation of the equipment, with the fatigue and wear of the mechanical structure of the mold, the expected oscillation parameters of the mold and the actual oscillation parameters will have a oscillation difference with time change, resulting in the internal process parameters’ changing of the continuous casting machine. Timely and accurate monitoring of changes in these parameters is helpful to schedule maintenance. 3. Transfer equipment maintenance from regular maintenance to state maintenance, do not repair when there is no problem, and arrange maintenance according to production needs when abnormal signs appear. Prevent over-repair and under-repair. 4. According to the monitoring results of the equipment, the on-site working parameters are adjusted in time to avoid adopting inaccurate or large-error oscillation to work and prevent the "breakout" accident. 5. We can timely find out that the oscillation is not stable or out of control in a small range, so as to avoid the formation of unevenness and unstable oscillation marks on the surface of the slab during the solidification of molten steel into the slab, and improve the surface quality of the product. 6. Adjust the working parameters reasonably according to the monitoring results, avoiding the use of excessive safety factor, making the entire assembly line play a normal working efficiency, increasing the output of billets, and create favorable conditions for increasing the casting speed. The functions of the system (1) Overview of monitoring parameters: Provides an overview of real-time monitoring parameters in the full screen, displaying all real-time data including oscillation parameters and process parameters. (2) Time domain waveform: This function mainly displays the oscillation waveforms of multiple measuring points and one channel standard waveform in real time, and simultaneously displays the three elements of oscillation of each measuring point in real time. (3) Waveform superposition: The difference between this function and the time domain waveform is that the waveforms of multiple measuring points are superimposed on a graph with lines of different colors on the same scale, and the oscillation difference of each channel can be calculated and displayed intuitively. (4) FFT: This functional module completes the calculation and display of the oscillation spectrum in real time. It is used to evaluate the waveform distortion of the entire oscillation table and to determine whether there is a problem with the installation of the oscillation device. (5) Bar graph: The oscillation of each measuring point is indicated by a bar graph of peak value and sensor gap voltage, which is more intuitive. (6) Trend: After starting this module, the operator can search the historical records in the database, analyze the changing trend of each parameter, and use it to analyze the rationality of the steel quality and processing parameter settings for different steels under the oscillation conditions. The parameters of the system 1. Number of measurement channels: According to the mold design, up to 16 sensors can be arranged 2. Sensor: three-dimensional oscillation sensing (X, Y, Z three axes) 3. Sensitivity: 1000mV/g 4. Frequency range: 0.04~10HZ 5. Frequency accuracy: ±0.01 Hz 6. Amplitude accuracy: 0.005mm 7. Transmission mode: wired digital transmission, wireless transmission 8. Host: 3U standard rack, handheld device 9. Sensor power supply: 24V.DC 10. Host power supply: 220V.AC/50Hz Mold oscillation curve The structure of the system The main components of the continuous casting mould online oscillation detection system are: 1. Three-dimensional oscillation measurement sensor 2. Handheld oscillation sensor calibrator 3. Dedicated signal connection cable 4. Preamplifier 5. Operation processing unit 6. Graphic display terminal 7. Industrial Ethernet (TCP/IP) or PROFIBUS-DP communication components 8. Control cabinet

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Overview The continuous casting vibration type ladle slag detection device is used to detect the slag content of the ladle nozzle in the steelmaking continuous casting process, so as to improve the cleanliness of the tundish molten steel and obtain the best yield of the ladle molten steel. The device adopts the principle of vibration detection. The LAG-S200 continuous casting ladle slag automatic detection system is developed by Wuhan CenterRise M&C Engineering Co., Ltd. after many years of research with many scientific research institutes, and fully combined with the actual situation on site. It has a real field application value as a continuous casting ladle slag automatic detection system. The meaning of the system 1. Reduce the amount of tundish slag 2. Improve the purity of molten steel 3. Improve the life of the tundish 4. Reduce sliding nozzle erosion 5. Reduce nozzle blockage 6. Increase continuous pouring heats 7. Reduce the amount of residual steel in the ladle when high-quality steel is casting 8. Improve the yield of molten steel 9. Improve the quality of continuous casting billets In order to improve the purity of the molten steel in the tundish, and improve the quality of the casting billet, especially to improve the quality of the billet in the transition section, and reduce the amount of residual steel in the high-quality ladle, and prolong the life of the tundish lining, and increase the continuous casting heats, it’s necessary to detect and control the slag in the later stage of continuous casting ladle casting. The working principle The LAG-S200 continuous casting ladle slag automatic monitoring system detects the slag state during the pouring process by receiving the vibration signal of the mechanical operating arm of the ladle nozzle. In the process of molten steel pouring, when molten steel flows through the long nozzle and pours into the tundish, the molten steel impacts the wall of the long nozzle and causes the vibration of the mechanical operating arm used to support the long nozzle. Since the specific gravity of the steelmaking slag is less than half of the specific gravity of the molten steel, it floats on the surface of the molten steel, and the steelmaking slag appears when the molten steel is about to be all poured. At this time, due to the high viscosity and poor fluidity of light steelmaking slag, the impact force of the mixed flow of molten steel and steel slag on the wall of the long nozzle is quite different from that of pure molten steel. The system mainly monitors the ladle slag of the continuous casting by measuring and analyzing the vibration difference of the mechanical operating arm. The vibration signal is connected to the operation control unit of the system control cabinet through the front-stage conditioning and amplification module through the sensor installed in the middle of the operating rod. After processing, it is output to the industrial computer for operation and analysis. The slag signal detected by the system is output from the system control cabinet to the front-end control unit, and then control the alarm horn and alarm light to work, or issue an instruction to close the ladle nozzle. The features of the system (1) It is easy to install, basically no modification is made to the field equipment, and the installation and debugging work will not affect the normal production of the enterprise. (2) The detection accuracy is high, and the effective rate is greater than or equal to 95%. The threshold of slag volume is accurately set, the output control function is powerful. It has excellent performance in technical indicators such as the sensor service life and sensor usage times. (3) The sensor is installed at a position far away from the molten steel, and is cooled by a special refrigeration device for 24 hours. The outer layer adopts a composite protection structure, which has a long service life. (4) Adopt professional and targeted signal processing methods to obtain the vibration characteristic parameters of the ladle slag, and analyze, reason and judge the effective slag signal through the vibration signal database, which has a high accuracy of slag alarm. (5) The architecture is established based on the artificial intelligence network, which has the functions of self-learning and self-induction. (6) The equipment adopts a modular design. The failure of each module will not affect other parts, which ensure more reliable operation of the system and easy maintenance. (7) The alarm display device is used on site to visually indicate the flow state of molten steel and slag. When slag carryover strats, we can choose automatic mode or manual mode. In both modes, the system will give audible and visual alarm signals to remind on-site operators. (8) The system has a powerful database function. Including the comparison function for last two ladles of casting time record, the system automatically stores the running data, and generates a record file every day. (9) The system has the function of automatically controlling the ladle nozzle. The control unit is an auxiliary system of the system, which is interconnected with the ladle slag detection system to automatically control the opening of the ladle nozzle and realize the whole-process control of the liquid level of the molten steel in the tundish. The composition of the system The LAG-S200 slag detection system consists of: vibration detection sensor, pre-signal amplifier, slag detection operation unit, tundish liquid level control unit, on-site operation indication box, and process control cabinet. 1. Vibration detection sensor: It is installed on the robotic arm of the stopper to detect the vibration signal of the whole casting process of the ladle. 2. Pre-signal amplifier: Amplify, convert and transmit the weak vibration signal detected by the vibration detection sensor. 3. Slag detection operation unit: Analyze, judge and discriminate the vibration signal to realize the discrimination of all steel, mixed slag and full slag , and output the slag alarm signal. 4. Tundish liquid level control unit: Accept the control signal of the tundish nozzle and the ladle nozzle, and realize automatic or manual control to the ladle slag according to the requirements. 5. On-site operation instruction box: Provides man-machine exchange for slag alarm indication, fault indication, system activation mode selection, and control mode selection. 6. Process control cabinet, providing power management, displaying man-machine interface and setting management. The parameters of the system 1. The system controls the slag inclusion in molten steel with high precision and closes the nozzle in real time. 2. Improve the quality of steel, reduce defective products, and improve the yield. 3. The yield of molten steel is increased by 0.3%-0.5%. The nozzle can be automatically closed, so that the disadvantage of untimely manual response is overcome and less molten steel remains in the ladle. The threshold value of molten steel (slag threshold) is set by the user within a wide range. 4. No artificial factors are involved, high reliability, good repeatability or consistency. 5. The steelmaking slag does not pass through or rarely flows into the tundish, which increases the service life of the refractory material and the sliding nozzle. 6. Reduce the blockage of the tundish nozzle and increase the number of continuous pouring heats of the tundish.

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Overview The taper of the narrow face of the mold has an important influence on the quality of the casting billet. Excessive taper will cause the mold to squeeze the billet shell, and a small taper will increase the air gap. With the continuous increase of the requirements of the casting billets’ quality and the continuous introduction of high-precision molds, the current taper measuring instrument in the domestic market generally have low measurement accuracy and complex measurement methods, which restrict production development. The new-generation taper measuring instrument developed by Wuhan CenterRise M&C Engineering Co., Ltd. adopts imported high-precision inclination sensor, combined with ultra-low power consumption processor, which can quickly and accurately measure the actual taper value of the narrow copper plate of the mold. The instrument is fully functional, easy to use and suitable for slab molds of various lengths. Most of the current slab molds are single-taper, a narrow flat copper plate. The taper value required for production can be achieved by adjusting the angle between the narrow copper plate and the direction of gravity. The taper measuring instrument directly measures the angle between the narrow copper plate and the direction of gravity. According to habits and production needs, the angle is converted into the value of one-sided shrinkage of the upper and lower ports. The main features 1. Easy to calibrate, stable performance, easy to operate 2. Self-supporting, self-aligning, self-balancing 3. High measurement accuracy 4. LCD data reading 5. Fast response, real-time display reading 6. Adjustment of dynamic intelligent system 7. Lithium battery power supply, suitable for on-site use of mobile operations 8. The continuous measurement time is more than 36 hours 9. The sensor adopts multiple protections to meet the needs of on-site harsh environment measurement 10. The weight of the whole system is less than 3.8 kg, and it is equipped with a set of zero-point calibration table, which is convenient for on-site installation and measurement 11. Applicable to various arc, parabolic and straight molds The performance and index 1. Measuring range: -3°~ +3° (measurement length can be customized according to users’ needs) 2. Measurement accuracy: 0.01mm 3. Temperature range: -25℃~+85℃ 4. Linearity deviation: -0.03mm ~ + 0.03 mm 5. The longest usage time after fully charged: 36 hours 6. The longest storage time after fully charged: 2 months The main components 1. Measuring instrument: central measurement and control unit, measuring sensor 2. Measuring stand 3. Standard table: standard surface, support frame, spirit level