Copper thermal

CONDUCTONAUT The  Conductonaut  liquid metal thermal paste was developed for applications with a high degree of efficiency. The  Conductonaut is  recommended as a top product for experienced users who are looking for a solution with the best heat dissipation in a temperature range of over 8 ° C.  Ultra-high thermal conductivity Increased indium content  Optimal application through the plastic needle   operation area Rating Thermal conductivity ******* Sub-zero overclocking * Overclocking ***** Water cooling ***** Air cooling ***** Silicone sensitive applications - Thermal Grizzly  Conductonaut  is a liquid metal thermal paste based on a eutectic alloy. A very high thermal conductivity is achieved through a special mixture of the metals tin, gallium and indium, among others. We recommend applying Conductonaut on nickel-plated copper, as this offers the best long-term stability.  viscosity  0.0021 Pas density  6.24g / cm3 Recommended temperature  10 ° C / +140 ° C content 1 g Note: The Conductonaut thermal paste must not be used with aluminium coolers! Note: Conductonaut is a metal alloy and can leave behind optical residues. For the best long-term performance, we recommend heat sinks with nickel-plated copper bases. 

Condition Used / Seller Refurbished pulled from branded PCs Cooler One Socket-1156 Copper Core Cooler supports Intel Core i7, Core i3 and Core i5 LGA-1150/1151/1155/1156 processors with up to 95W TDP (Thermal Design Power). Aluminum heat sink with Copper Core 3.5-inch fan Supports Intel Core i7, Core i3 and Core i5 Socket 1155/1156 processors with up to 95W TDP (Thermal Design Power) Supports Intel CPU socket type: LGA 1150 / 1151 / 1155 / 1156

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Description: Details iShopping.pk brings you the best price for Gamdias Chione CPU Liquid Cooler (P2-360R) with express shipping all over Pakistan.   Details: CHIONE P2-360R is more than just a liquid cooler. Along with the outstanding thermal conductivity of copper base plate and 3 high-quality fans, CHIONE P2-360R features AEOLUS Box and compact remote controller, integrates lighting effects and fans speed with motherboard, simply create your own style and makes your PC setup experience complete.   Luminous but not Loud The advanced dual rings on fan and the RGB LOGO on pump can sync with motherboard software, and build in with 55 lighting effects including Neon-Flex RGB, Multi-color and LED off. Simply create your own PC style by pressing button to switch to MB mode for software adjustment or exchange to various effects and fan speed with the compact remote controller.   One Click, Sync All CHIONE P2-360R supports motherboard sync through the manufacture software that has addressable RGB header (ASUS)and (ASRock), JRAINBOW (MSI) or Digital Pin Header (GIGABYTE), which makes it easier to unite your case from chaos to calm through the 5V 3-pin header.   Mirror Style Pump To create performance visual effects the CHIONE P2-360R applies the cutting edge style with a mirror finish on top of the pump and brings more sensuous lighting effects.  This cooler is going to push your rig into next level!   Integrate Your Style Add up to 8 fans to exhibit group lighting effects, with the AEOLUS Box included, with it's small form factor is magnetically held inside your case. With Daisy Chain Topology, no matter how many fans you install in the case, you can always connect more than one AEOLUS Box together.   Impeccable Durability CHIONE P2-360R comes with the leak-free Teflon Tube which makes this All-in-One system extremely low maintenance. The tube handles high pressure in extreme heat, adding to the cooling process. Hence, this makes CHIONE P2-360R a tremendously durable cooler.   Outstanding Thermal Conductivity The copper base plate maximizes heat dissipation to offer superior cooling performance.   Straightforward Installation As an all-in-one liquid cooler, CHIONE P2-360R does not take much space and offers different options for installation. The amazing design makes the installation and maintenance simple.

Description: Details iShopping.pk brings you the best price for Gamdias Chione CPU Liquid Cooler (M2-240R) with express shipping all over Pakistan.   Details: CHIONE M2-240R is more than just a liquid cooler. Along with the outstanding thermal conductivity of copper base plate, and 2 high-quality fans CHIONE M2-240R features AEOLUS Box and compact remote controller. It's integrated lighting effects and fans speed control, along with motherboard RGB sync, simply create your own RGB style and makes your PC setup experience complete.   Create Your Style Simply The advanced trio of RGB; dual rings, fans, ring around the pump, and the logo. 55 lighting effects built-in, including Neon-Flex RGB, Multi-color and LED off. With the compact remote controller, simply create your own RGB style by pressing buttons to exchange various effects and fan speeds, or switch to MB mode for software adjustment.   One Click, Sync All CHIONE M2-240R supports motherboard sync through the manufacture software that has addressable RGB header (ASUS) and (ASRock), JRAINBOW (MSI) or Digital Pin Header (GIGABYTE), which makes it easier to unite your case from chaos to calm through the 5V 3-pin header.   Mirror Style Pump To create performance visual effects the CHIONE M2-240R applies the cutting edge style with a mirror finish on top of the pump and brings more sensuous lighting effects.  This cooler is going to push your rig into next level!   Integrate Your Style Add up to 8 fans to exhibit group lighting effects, with the AEOLUS Box included, with it's small form factor is magnetically held inside your case. With Daisy Chain Topology, no matter how many fans you install in the case, you can always connect more than one AEOLUS Box together.   Impeccable Durability CHIONE M2-240R comes with the leak-free Teflon Tube which makes this All-in-One system extremely low maintenance. The tube handles high pressure in extreme heat, adding to the cooling process. Hence, this makes CHIONE M2-240R a tremendously durable cooler.   Outstanding Thermal Conductivity The copper base plate maximizes heat dissipation to offer superior cooling performance.   Straightforward Installation As an all-in-one liquid cooler, CHIONE M2-240R does not take much space and offers different options for installation. The amazing design makes the installation and maintenance simple.

MPG Z590 GAMING PLUS Supports 11th and 10th Gen Intel ®  Core™ / Pentium ®  Celeron ®  processors for LGA 1200 socket Supports DDR4 Memory, up to 5333(OC) MHz Lightning Fast Game experience: PCIe 4.0, Lightning Gen 4 x4 M.2, USB 3.2 Gen 2x2 Enhanced Power Design: 14+1+1 Duet Rail Power System, dual 8-pin CPU power connectors, Core Boost, DDR4 Boost Premium Thermal Solution: Enlarged heatsink with heat-pipe, MOSFET thermal pads rated for 7W/mK, additional choke thermal pads and 3x M.2 Shield Frozr are built for high performance system and non-stop gaming experience MYSTIC LIGHT: 16.8 million colors / 29 effects controlled in one click. MYSTIC LIGHT EXTENSION supports both RGB and RAINBOW LED strip. 2.5G LAN with LAN Manager: Upgraded network solution for professional and multimedia use. Delivers a secure, stable and fast network connection AUDIO BOOST 5: Reward your ears with studio grade sound quality for the most immersive gaming experience High Quality PCB: 6-layer PCB made by 2oz thickened copper and server grade level material Pre-installed I/O Shield: Better EMI protection and more convenience for installation

Description: Details iShopping.pk brings you the best price for Adata XPG Levante 360 Addressable RGB CPU Liquid Cooler Black with express shipping all over Pakistan.   Details: An All-In-One CPU Liquid Cooler with industry-leading solution by Asetek, XPG LEVANTE 360 offers excellent CPU heat control: designed with a 360mm-Radiator, 4-Pin PWM Control Mode and fine-tuned with dazzling ARGB Fans and lighting effects at the water pump, manageable by an included external ARGB Controller. Asetek’s All-in-One Water Cooling Solution XPG LEVANTE 360 Addressable RGB CPU Liquid Cooler offers superb cooling capability in stabilizing CPU temperature and maintaining CPU proper functioning. ARGB lighting effects create additional gaming atmosphere. Patented Water Pump Design XPG LEVANTE 360 Addressable RGB CPU Liquid Cooler utilizes Asetek’s latest cooling solution to ensure CPU temperature management is at the highest efficiency performance. Its thermal-optimized copper plate with 0.15mm-thin micro channel provide large cooling area and boosting heat exchange efficiency. ARGB Fans with Efficient PWM Cooling Solution XPG LEVANTE 360’s three Vibrant Dual Ring 120mm ARGB fans have 20 LEDs each. Fluid Dynamic Bearing (FDB) fans with PWM(*) are designed with auto-restart mechanism (up to 40,000 hours at 40ºC of MTBF). (*)PWM, or Pulse Width Modulation, allows fans and water pumps to adjust cooling speed and airflow based on the component’s temperature. Sync with motherboards that support PWM header and appropriate software to enable this function. ARGB Controller XPG LEVANTE 360’s external ARGB Controller allows users to switch Mode, Speed and Light functions of both the ARGB Fans and the Water Pump.   Specifications: WATER PUMP Water Block Dimension (H*W*D) 86 x 72 x 36mm Water Block Material Copper Control Mode PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) CPU Socket Support Intel: LGA 115x, 1200, 1366, 2011, 2066 AMD: AM4, TR4 (TR4 bracket not included) Thermal Grease Pre-Applied RADIATOR Radiator Dimension 394 x 120 x 27mm Radiator Material Aluminum Tube 400mm Sleeved Rubber tube FAN Fan Size 3 Fan Slots (120mm ARGB) Fan Dimension 120 x 120 x 25 mm Bearing Type Fluid Dynamic Bearing Fan Speed 600~2000 RPM ± 10% Fan Static Pressure 1.42mm-H2O Fan Air Flow 61.5 CFM Fan Noise 34.0 dB (A) Protection Auto-Restart

MSI GeForce RTX™ 3070 Ti SUPRIM 8G The GeForce RTX™ 3070 Ti graphics card is powered by Ampere—NVIDIA’s 2nd gen RTX architecture. Built with enhanced RT Cores and Tensor Cores, new streaming multiprocessors, and superfast G6X memory, it gives you the power you need to rip through the most demanding games. Boost Clock / Memory Speed 1830 MHz (GAMING & SILENT Mode) / 19 Gbps 8GB GDDR6X DisplayPort x 3 (v1.4a) HDMI x 1 (Supports [email protected] as specified in HDMI 2.1) TRI FROZR 2S Thermal Design TORX Fan 4.0: A masterpiece of teamwork, fan blades work in pairs to create unprecedented levels of focused air pressure. Core Pipe: Precision-machined heat pipes ensure max contact to the GPU and spread heat along the full length of the heatsink. Airflow Control: Don't sweat it, Airflow Control guides the air to exactly where it needs to be for maximum cooling. Close Quarters Heatpipe & Heatsink: Memory modules have their own close quarters heatpipe and heatsink for dedicated cooling. Copper Baseplate: A solid nickel-plated copper baseplate transfers heat from the GPU to all the heatpipes. Dual BIOS Dual BIOS gives you the choice to prioritize for full performance in GAMING mode or low noise in SILENT mode. MSI Center The exclusive MSI Center software lets you monitor, tweak and optimize MSI products in real-time. Mystic Light Controls lighting for both MSI and compatible third-party RGB products.

MSI GeForce RTX™ 3090 SUPRIM X 24G The GeForce RTX™ 3090 is a big ferocious GPU (BFGPU) with TITAN class performance. It's powered by Ampere—NVIDIA's 2nd gen RTX architecture—doubling down on ray tracing and AI performance with enhanced RT Cores, Tensor Cores, and new streaming multiprocessors. Plus, it features a staggering 24 GB of G6X memory, all to deliver the ultimate gaming experience. Boost Clock / Memory Speed 1860 MHz (GAMING & SILENT Mode) / 19.5 Gbps 24GB GDDR6X DisplayPort x 3 (v1.4a) HDMI x 1 (Supports [email protected] as specified in HDMI 2.1) TRI FROZR 2S Thermal Design TORX Fan 4.0: A masterpiece of teamwork, fan blades work in pairs to create unprecedented levels of focused air pressure. Core Pipe: Precision-machined heat pipes ensure max contact to the GPU and spread heat along the full length of the heatsink. Airflow Control: Don't sweat it, Airflow Control guides the air to exactly where it needs to be for maximum cooling. Close Quarters Heatpipe & Heatsink: Memory modules have their own close quarters heatpipe and heatsink for dedicated cooling. Copper Baseplate: A solid nickel-plated copper baseplate transfers heat from the GPU to all the heatpipes. Dual BIOS Dual BIOS gives you the choice to prioritize for full performance in GAMING mode or low noise in SILENT mode. MSI Center The exclusive MSI Center software lets you monitor, tweak and optimize MSI products in real-time. Mystic Light Controls lighting for both MSI and compatible third-party RGB products.

MSI GeForce RTX™ 3070 Ti SUPRIM X 8G The GeForce RTX™ 3070 Ti graphics card is powered by Ampere—NVIDIA’s 2nd gen RTX architecture. Built with enhanced RT Cores and Tensor Cores, new streaming multiprocessors, and superfast G6X memory, it gives you the power you need to rip through the most demanding games. Boost Clock / Memory Speed 1860 MHz (GAMING & SILENT Mode) / 19 Gbps 8GB GDDR6X DisplayPort x 3 (v1.4a) HDMI x 1 (Supports [email protected] as specified in HDMI 2.1) TRI FROZR 2S Thermal Design TORX Fan 4.0: A masterpiece of teamwork, fan blades work in pairs to create unprecedented levels of focused air pressure. Core Pipe: Precision-machined heat pipes ensure max contact to the GPU and spread heat along the full length of the heatsink. Airflow Control: Don't sweat it, Airflow Control guides the air to exactly where it needs to be for maximum cooling. Close Quarters Heatpipe & Heatsink: Memory modules have their own close quarters heatpipe and heatsink for dedicated cooling. Copper Baseplate: A solid nickel-plated copper baseplate transfers heat from the GPU to all the heatpipes. Dual BIOS Dual BIOS gives you the choice to prioritize for full performance in GAMING mode or low noise in SILENT mode. MSI Center The exclusive MSI Center software lets you monitor, tweak and optimize MSI products in real-time. Mystic Light Controls lighting for both MSI and compatible third-party RGB products.

Support for 3rd Gen AMD Ryzen™ Processors and future AMD Ryzen™ processors with BIOS update Supports DDR4 Memory, up to 4400+(OC) MHz Lightning Fast Game experience: PCIe 4.0, Lightning Gen 4 x4 M.2 with M.2 Shield Frozr Premium Thermal Solution: Extended Heatsink Design with additional choke thermal pad rated for 7W/mk and PCB with 2oz thickened copper are built for high performance system and non-stop gaming experience. Gigabit LAN with LAN Manager: Upgraded network solution for professional and multimedia use. Delivers a secure, stable and fast network connection Enhanced Power Design: 4+2+1 Duet Rail Power System, Digital PWM, Core Boost, DDR4 Boost. Audio Boost: Reward your ears with studio grade sound quality for the most immersive gaming experience. Flash BIOS Button with Optmized ClearCMOS Function: Simply use a USB key to flash any BIOS within seconds. Restore the BIOS to the default settings without any additional actions.      

Supports AMD Ryzen™ 5000 & 3000 Series desktop processors (not compatible with AMD Ryzen™ 5 3400G & Ryzen™ 3 3200G) and AMD Ryzen™ 4000 G-Series desktop processors Supports DDR4 Memory, up to 4400(OC) MHz Lightning Fast Experience: PCIe 4.0, Lightning Gen4 x4 M.2 with M.2 Shield Frozr Premium Thermal Solution: 7W/mK pad, additional choke thermal pad and M.2 Shield Frozr are built for high performance system and non-stop works Powerful Design: Core Boost, Digital PWM IC, 2oz Thickened Copper PCB, Creator Genie, DDR4 Boost Audio Boost: Reward your ears with studio grade sound quality Dragon Center: A brand new software which integrates all MSI exclusive tools with user friendly user interface. 

PRO Z690-A WIFI Supports 12th Gen Intel ®  Core™, Pentium ®  Gold and Celeron ®  processors for LGA 1700 socket Supports DDR5 Memory, up to 6400+(OC) MHz Lightning Fast Experience: PCIe 5.0 slots, Lightning Gen4 x4 M.2, USB 3.2 Gen 2x2 Premium Thermal Solution: Extended Heatsink Design, MOSFET thermal pads rated for 7W/mk and M.2 Shield Frozr are built for high performance system and non-stop works 2.5G LAN with LAN Manager and Intel Wi-Fi 6E Solution: Upgraded network solution for professional and multimedia use. Delivers a secure, stable and fast network connection Intel Turbo USB 3.2 Gen 2: Powered by Intel USB 3.2 Gen2 controller, Turbo USB ensures an uninterrupted connection with more stability and fastest USB speeds Audio Boost: Reward your ears with studio grade sound quality High Quality PCB: 6-layer PCB made by 2oz thickened copper and server grade level material Multi-GPU: With Steel armor PCI-E slots. Supports AMD Crossfire™

B550M PRO-VDH Supports AMD Ryzen™ 5000 & 3000 Series desktop processors (not compatible with AMD Ryzen™ 5 3400G & Ryzen™ 3 3200G) and AMD Ryzen™ 4000 G-Series desktop processors Supports DDR4 Memory, up to 4400(OC) MHz Lightning Fast Experience: PCIe 4.0, Lightning Gen4 x4 M.2 with M.2 Shield Frozr Premium Thermal Solution: 7W/mK pad, additional choke thermal pad and M.2 Shield Frozr are built for high performance system and non-stop works Powerful Design: Core Boost, Digital PWM IC, 2oz Thickened Copper PCB, Creator Genie, DDR4 Boost Audio Boost: Reward your ears with studio grade sound quality Dragon Center: A brand new software which integrates all MSI exclusive tools with user friendly user interface.   

Condition Used / Seller Refurbished pulled from branded PCs Cooler One Socket-1156 Cooler supports Intel Core i7, Core i3 and Core i5 LGA-1150/1151/1155/1156 processors with up to 95W TDP (Thermal Design Power). Aluminum heat sink with Copper Core 3.5-inch fan Supports Intel Core i7, Core i3 and Core i5 Socket 1155/1156 processors with up to 95W TDP (Thermal Design Power) Supports Intel CPU socket type: LGA 1150 / 1151 / 1155 / 1156

Dragon 240 V2 (Water Cooler) price in Pakistan   Description 1: Water pump head and fan adopt mainstream 5V RGB lighning, 3 lighning effect modes, (static, horse racing, color change). 2: The 12-channel waterway design is used to efficiently improve the thermal cycle efficiency and thermal contact area.Bringing an excellent heat dissipation experience. 3: High-performance ARGB fan, High-brightness LED magic, 3 light effect modes, support PWM intelligent control, low-noise operation. 4: Supports INTEL and AMD mainstream platforms for easy installation, no direction control, two-phase six-stage outer winding motor to provide powerfull system power. 5: he stainless steel core-pulling ensures a long service life, the closed impeller design greatly increase the water flow speed, and the super-large pure copper bottom is accurately covered, which comprehensively improves the heat dissipation efficiency.

Description: Details iShopping.pk brings you the best price for Asus ROG Strix LC 360 RGB CPU Cooler with express shipping all over Pakistan.   Details: • ROG-designed radiator fans for optimized airflow and static pressure • Individually addressable RGB and NCVM-coating pump cover accentuates the sleek, modern aesthetics • Styled to complement ROG motherboards, at the center stage of your build • Reinforced, sleeved tubing for increased durability   Specifications: Water Block Water block dimention:80 x 80 x 45 mm Block Material (CPU Plate):Copper Radiator Radiator Dimension: 121 x 394 x 27mm Radiator Material: Aluminum  Tube: Sleeved Rubber tube Tube Length: 380 mm Fan Fan:ROG Designed ARGB Radiator Fan - Size: 3 x Fan Slots (120mm) - Dimension:120 x 120 x 25 mm - Speed: 800 - 2500 RPM +/- 10% - Static Pressure:5.0 mmH2O - Air Flow: 80.95 CFM / 137.5 m3h - Noise: 37.6 dB(A)  - Control Mode: PWM/ DC Compatibility Intel: LGA 1150, 1151, 1152, 1155, 1156, 1200, 1366, 2011, 2011-3, 2066 AMD: AM4, TR4* Package Content 1 x Liquid Cooler (pre-applied thermal compound) 3 x 120 mm ARGB Radiator Fan 1 x Accessory Pack of Screws and brackets 1 x Quick Start Guide 1 x USB cable for software control 1 x 1 to 4 ARGB spliter cable

Gamdias Boreas M1-610 ARGB CPU Cooler Price in Pakistan Exquisite GAMDIAS Textured Fan Case Frontal Design Dual Ring ARGB Fans (PWM). Rainbow LED Effect (Bonus) RGB Motherboard Sync Supports Motherboard Sync software retaining to an 5v 3-Pin Addressable RGB Header (ASUS, AsRock, Biostar), JRAINBOW (MSI), & Digital Pin Header (GIGABYTE) Outstanding Thermal Conductivity – Extra-Thick Aluminum Base Plate – 6 Copper Heat-Pipes (Direct Contact Tech.) – Uniquely Designed & Engineered Y-Shaped Fan Case Cover

  Think outside the box. 11th Gen Intel Core i5-11400 desktop processor i5-10400 Desktop Boxed CPU Specs Max clock speed Up to 4.4 GHz Base clock speed 2.6 GHz Cores/Threads 6/12 Unlocked and overclockable(1) No Boost technology Intel Turbo Boost Technology 2.0 TDP 65W Intel Smart Cache 12M Motherboard compatibility 400 and 500 series(2) Engineered for play. Intel’s latest desktop processor architecture and fast clock speeds deliver high frame rates and low latency for competitive play and more immersive experiences. Engineered for play.     Works hard, too.     Game for a crowd. Think outside the box. 11th Gen Intel Core i5-11400 desktop processor i5-10400 Desktop Boxed CPU Specs Max clock speed Up to 4.4 GHz Base clock speed 2.6 GHz Cores/Threads 6/12 Unlocked and overclockable(1) No Boost technology Intel Turbo Boost Technology 2.0 TDP 65W Intel Smart Cache 12M Motherboard compatibility 400 and 500 series(2) Engineered for play. Intel’s latest desktop processor architecture and fast clock speeds deliver high frame rates and low latency for competitive play and more immersive experiences. Engineered for play.     Works hard, too.     Game for a crowd.       MSI: For Gamers and Creators MSI is one of the most trusted names in gaming and esports with countless hours and significant resources invested into premier esports leagues and tier-1 gaming teams. By supporting and working with the best of the best, MSI is able to integrate competitive gaming knowledge and aspirations with technological innovation to create new products that shatter today's performance limits. B560M PRO-VHD WIFI Business Elegance The B560M PRO-VDH WIFI is a business-oriented micro-ATX motherboard featuring the latest Intel B560 chipset that includes both ample RAM capacity and excellent Wi-Fi connectivity. Supports Intel Core 11th & 10th Gen Processors (LGA 1200) Lightning Gen4 M.2 slot with Shield Frozr & Auto-Switch & Turbo Gen3 M.2 slot 1 x PCI-e 4.0 x16 4 DIMMS with DDR4 Boost: Dual Channel (128GB Max. / 5066MHz OC) 7.1 HD Audio with Audio Boost 2.5G LAN Controller     B560 Chipset, Smart Cooling, PCI-e 4.0 x16   Supports Intel Core 11th Gen Processors The B560M PRO-VDH WIFI motherboard supports 11th Gen Intel Core, 10th Gen Intel Core, Pentium Gold, and Celeron processors. Form Factor:  Micro-ATX Socket Type:  LGA 1200 Chipset:  Intel B560 Integrated Cooling Features VRM Heatsinks: Ensure excellent thermal dissipation under heavy loading PCB Cooling: Printed circuit design with 2 oz. thickened copper improves heat dissipation & reliability. Chipset Heatsink: Provides passive cooling Frozr AI Cooling: Automatically adjusts system fan settings based on CPU & GPU temperatures Fortified PCI-e 4.0 x16 MSI PCI Express Steel Armor slots are secured to the motherboard with extra solder points to support the weight of heavy graphics cards. When every advantage in games counts, Steel Armor also shields the point of contact from electromagnetic interference: 1 x PCI-e 4.0/3.0 x16 slot (with Steel Armor)

Simple step and direction control interface Six different step resolutions: full-step, half-step, 1/4-step, 1/8-step, 1/16-step, and 1/32-step Can interface directly with 3.3 V and 5 V systems Over-temperature thermal shutdown, over-current shutdown, and under-voltage lockout Short-to-ground and shorted-load protection 4-layer, 2 oz copper PCB for improved heat dissipation Exposed solderable ground pad below the driver IC on the bottom of the PCB Module size, pinout, and interface match those of our A4988 stepper motor driver carriers in most respects (see the bottom of this page for more information) Adjustable current control lets you set the maximum current output with a potentiometer, which lets you use voltages above your stepper motor's rated voltage to achieve higher step rates Intelligent chopping control that automatically selects the correct current decay mode (fast decay or slow decay) 45 V maximum supply voltage Built-in regulator (no external logic voltage supply needed)