Cell means

Most Respected Viewers ! its all about the Types/ Risk / Factors / Symptoms / Screening Treatment & Prevention What Is Down Syndrome? Down syndrome (sometimes spelled “Down’s syndrome”) is a genetic abnormality. It is the most common single cause of birth defects in the United States This syndrome occurs because of an extra copy of chromosome 21. Your chromosomes contain your genetic material, & any problems with your chromosomes can cause serious physical and mental health problems Down syndrome causes lifelong developmental delays that can range from moderate to severe. It cannot be cured, but there are options. Down syndrome can be managed with educational interventions, specialized parenting techniques, and community engagement. These all can encourage a person with Down syndrome to develop life skills and social bonds, so that they can live a long (many Down syndrome patients live past the age of 50) and fulfilling life. Causes What Causes Down Syndrome? Down syndrome is e genetic disorder. TO understand how it happens, we first need to understand some basic genetics. In all cases of reproduction, both parents pass their genes on to their children. These genes are carried on chromosomes. When the baby’s cells develop, each cell is supposed to receive 23 pairs of chromosomes. Half of the chromosomes are from the mother and half from the father. In children with Down syndrome, one of the chromosomes does not separate properly. The baby ends up with three copies of chromosome 21 instead of two. This extra chromosome causes problems as the brain and physical features develop. Types Types of Down Syndrome There are three types of Down syndrome: Trisomy 21 Trisomy 21 means there is an extra copy of chromosome 21 in every cell. This is the most common form of Down syndrome. Mosaicism Mosaicism means there is an extra chromosome in some but not all of a child’s cells. Individuals with mosaic Down syndrome tend to have fewer symptoms. Translocation In this condition, children have only an extra part of chromosome 21. There are 46 total chromosomes. However, one of them has an extra piece of chromosome 21 attached. Risk Factors Will My Child Be at Risk for Down Syndrome? Certain parents have a greater risk of giving birth to a child with Down syndrome: women age 35 and older males 50 and older people with a family history of Down’s syndrome people who carry the genetic translocation Symptoms What Are the Symptoms of Down Syndrome? During pregnancy, there are no signs that a child will have Down syndrome. At birth, babies with Down syndrome usually have certain characteristic signs, including: flat facial features small head and ears short neck bulging tongue eyes that slant upward oddly shaped ears poor muscle tone A Down syndrome infant can be born a normal size. However development is twice as slow as for an unaffected child. There is usually some degree of mental retardation, but it is often mild to moderate. Mental and social development delays may mean that the child will have: impulsive behavior poor judgment short attention span slow learning capabilities Medical complications often accompany Down syndrome. These are caused by the extra chromosome. These may include: congenital heart defects hearing loss poor vision cataracts (clouded eyes) hip problems, such as dislocations leukemia chronic constipation sleep apnea (interrupted breathing during sleep) dementia (thought and memory problems) hypothyroidism (low thyroid function) obesity late tooth growth, causing problems with chewing Today, despite the medical and developmental delays, a child born with Down syndrome can live past the age of 50 (Mayo Clinic). Screening Screening for Down Syndrome During Pregnancy Screening is offered as a routine part of prenatal care in the United States. However, it is not required. First Trimester An ultrasound evaluation and blood tests can look for Down syndrome in your fetus. These tests are done between the 10th and 14th week of pregnancy. An ultrasound looks at the back of the baby’s neck, called the nuchal translucency. If there are problems with the baby’s development, more fluid collects in this area. Blood tests looks at the level of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). High levels of these proteins suggest a developmental problem. These tests have a higher false-positive rate than tests done at later pregnancy stages. If results are not normal, your doctor may follow up with an amniocentesis. In this test, an amniotic fluid sample is used to confirm the results. Second Trimester An ultrasound and quadruple marker screen (QMS) test can help identify Down syndrome and other neural tube defects. This test is done between 15 and 20 weeks. These tests measures four pregnancy-related factors: human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) unconjugated estriol alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) inhibin-A If any of these tests are not normal, you will be considered at high risk for birth defects. Additional Prenatal Tests Your doctor may order additional tests to detect Down syndrome in your baby: amniocentesis: Your doctor takes a sample of amniotic fluid to examine the number of chromosomes the baby has. The test is usually done at 15 weeks. It carries a one in 200 miscarriage risk. chorionic villus sampling (CVS): Your doctor will take cells from your placenta to analyze fetal chromosomes. This test is done during the ninth and 14th week of pregnancy. It carries a miscarriage risk of one in 100. percutaneous umbilical blood sampling (PUBS): Your doctor will take blood from the umbilical cord and examine it for chromosomal defects. It is done after the 18th week of pregnancy. It carries an even higher rate of miscarriage, so it is performed only if all other tests are uncertain. Some women choose not to undergo these tests, because of the risk of miscarriage. They would rather risk having a child with Down syndrome than losing the pregnancy. Tests at Birth At birth, your doctor will: perform a physical examination of your baby order a blood test called a karyotype to confirm Down syndrome Treatment Treating Down Syndrome There is no cure for Down syndrome. However, parents can provide early intervention and opportunities to help their child with Down syndrome succeed. Early intervention programs promote a child’s learning. They offer the best chance for success. In these programs, special education teachers and therapists will help your child learn: sensory skills social skills self-help motor skills language and cognitive abilities Children with Down syndrome often meet age-related milestones. However, this may take up to two times longer than for other children. A team of physicians and specialists can help provide medical care and manage the medical complications. Because obesity can be particularly dangerous to the health of children with Down syndrome, it is important to encourage physical activity and avoid high-calorie foods. However, before beginning exercise or sports, the child’s hip, neck, and spine should be examined. It is important to teach children with Down syndrome about being independent and staying safe. Parents should establish a support network in the family and community. Learn as much as possible about your child’s condition. This can help you understand what it means as your child grows and develops. Many people with Down syndrome lead successful lives in their community. They often go to school, hold jobs, and become independent. Prevention Preventing Down Syndrome There is no way to prevent Down syndrome. You may want to speak with a genetic counselor: before having a child, to see if you are at risk if you already have a child with Down syndrome and are considering getting pregnant again Regards from' Oxfordcadets Team J Block Firdos Market Gulberg iii Lahore skype id oxfordcadets g mail oxfordcadets at g mail dot com whatsapp +92 333 4/6/3/3/9/9/0 Get Updates on + 92 342 37 2 5 129

A2Z Birthday Parties Arrangements Birthday Parties, A Blessing Day, A Very Special Event, A Most remarkable moment or day which is being planned, designed and decorated and celebrated on someone’s life upgrading for next year, I means celebrating the very important day of Someone’s birthday by the family members, friends and close relatives. A2Z Events Solutions, Which is highly specialized in such a beautiful Events to be planned, decorated, designed and catered by entertaining and provide all full fledge taste of package services on single plate form. A2Z Events Solutions do have reward of being one of the best and top leading Birthday party Designing, Planning, Décor and Catering. At a2z Events Solutions, We provide you top best solutions for all Birthday’s Special Events on Economical and high standards levels. We are perfect birthday Parties Specialists. We are a2z Events Solutions and We are best Birthday parties planners in Pakistan Specially in Lahore and Other cities of Punjab. Being as Top leading Events & Birthday Parties Planners, A2Z Events Solutions has categorized all these services in following steps. We provide Customized Cake Solutions We provide Magic show We provide Puppet show We provide Cartoon Characters We are specialized in Balloons Decoration We provide Music & Singer We provide Air Gates & Jumping Castle We provide Rides and Theme Arrangements We provide chocolate fountains and goody bags We provide a selection of entertainment programs We provide games, kiddy rides, jumping slides We provide Catering services for birthday parties We provide all type of food services for Birthday Events We provide complete packages for whole Event including all services We provide best and most economical rates for any of birthday related services Please give us a call for updates or booking any of your family member’s birthday party to be arranged, managed and catered out. Kind Regards, A2Z Events Solutions Management Direct Cell # +92-31-4268177 / 0331-4730273 PK Office PH # +92- 42 35817106 UK office Dir # +44- 203-371-0782 / 0208 -090 -4020 Uk Fax # +44- 207- 691- 7800 PK Office: -M-23 Siddiq Trade Center, Main Boulevard Gulberg II, Lahore, Pakistan Visit Our Pages: - www.a2zeventssolutions.com,, www.a2zeventssolutionz.com,,, www.a2zvents.weebly.com Visit us Youtube:- http://www.youtube.com/user/a2zevents a2zeventssolutions

A2Z EVENTS SOLUTIONS, BIRTHDAY PARTIES PLANNERS, BIRTHDAY PARTIES SPECIALISTS DISRIPTION A2Z Birthday Parties Arrangements Birthday Parties, A Blessing Day, A Very Special Event, A Most remarkable moment or day which is being planned, designed and decorated and celebrated on someone’s life upgrading for next year, I means celebrating the very important day of Someone’s birthday by the family members, friends and close relatives. A2Z Events Solutions, Which is highly specialized in such a beautiful Events to be planned, decorated, designed and catered by entertaining and provide all full fledge taste of package services on single plate form. A2Z Events Solutions do have reward of being one of the best and top leading Birthday party Designing, Planning, Décor and Catering. At a2z Events Solutions, We provide you top best solutions for all Birthday’s Special Events on Economical and high standards levels. We are perfect birthday Parties Specialists. We are a2z Events Solutions and We are best Birthday parties planners in Pakistan Specially in Lahore and Other cities of Punjab. Being as Top leading Events & Birthday Parties Planners, A2Z Events Solutions has categorized all these services in following steps. We provide Customized Cake Solutions We provide Magic show We provide Puppet show We provide Cartoon Characters We are specialized in Balloons Decoration We provide Music & Singer We provide Air Gates & Jumping Castle We provide Rides and Theme Arrangements We provide chocolate fountains and goody bags We provide a selection of entertainment programs We provide games, kiddy rides, jumping slides We provide Catering services for birthday parties We provide all type of food services for Birthday Events We provide complete packages for whole Event including all services We provide best and most economical rates for any of birthday related services Please give us a call for updates or booking any of your family member’s birthday party to be arranged, managed and catered out. Kind Regards, A2Z Events Solutions Management Direct Cell 0092314268177 PK Office: -M-23 Siddiq Trade Center, Main Boulevard Gulberg II, Lahore, Pakistan Visit Our Pages: - www a2zeventssolutions com,, www a2zeventssolutionz com,,, www a2zvents weebly com Visit us Youtube:- www youtube com/user/a2zevents Visit Facebook : - a2z events solutions Visit Flicker: - a2z events solutions

A2z Events Solutions Management is also taking care for Model Management in Lahore which includes arrangements of models (Pakistani n foreigner), ornamentation, planning of stage to several other arrangements. Over the past few years, we have coordinated promotional shows in different parts of Pakistan for a large number of clients and assure them of timely performance of the necessary tasks. Promotional show like magazine launch, products launch, road shows, celebrity ramp show and other types of shows organized by us attract a large number of our clients from the corporate industry and fashion house. Our brand name and our appreciated work are admired by our clients and attract the fashion house, media, lollywood industry to hire us for their assignments. We are the means of selection for the best names in advertising, film and publication. Our Model Management can broadly be categorized under the following heads: Fashion Events Management, Fashion Shows, Portfolio Photography, Pakistani Male Models, Pakistani Female Models foreigner models, Pakistani Kids Models, Pakistani Character Models, Foreign or Out-stationed Models, Ad Shoot Coordinator, Location Coordinator, Production for Advertising Shoots, Shoots for Various Products, Export House Shoots, and Advertising Campaigns etc. Call us today for more updates and offers, Kind Regards, Rohail Ilyas (Sales & Operational Manager) A2Z Events Solutions Management Direct Cell # +92- 332- 4219910 PK Office PH # +92- 42 35817106/+92-31-4268177 / 0331-4730273 UK office Dir # +44- 203-371-0782 / 0208 -090 -4020 Uk Fax # +44- 207- 691- 7800 PK Office: -M-23 Siddiq Trade Center, Main Boulevard Gulberg II, Lahore, Pakistan Visit Our Pages: - www a2zeventssolutions com,, www a2zeventssolutionz com,,, www a2zvents weebly com Visit us Youtube:- www youtube com/user/a2zevents Visit Facebook : - a2z events solutions Visit Flicker: - a2z events solutions

We are the leading company PAK Communications, providing the best Security, Surveillance & Communication Solutions to your Offices, Institutes, Hospitals, Schools & Homes more effectively. We are reputated firm that provids the best of the quality to our customers at more discounted rates ever. Go on! You can now keep an eye on your important locations anywhere anytime with our Online CCTV camera feature from your Mobile, Laptop & PC. We are also providing PABX Systems for the ease of the customer by the means of Intercommunication at larger distances in Organizations, Offices, Schools, Hospitals & Houses. We are providing the following Installation Services with Qualified Technicians at your doorstep: CCTV Camera Systems CCTV Online Camera Systems PABX Systems Audio/Video Intercom System Access Control System Time Attendance Machine Flat Intercom Fire Alarm Call us and get our best discounted prices especially Tel: 021-34832293 Cell: 0341-2574866 Website: www.pakcommunications.com

Turnigy Lipo Battery The Turnigy 2650mAh Transmitter pack fits snuggly into any Futaba or Jr radio which uses a 4x4 AA cell battery configuration (see image). It includes discharge plugs for both JR, Spektrum plus other radios. It's built with a low C-rate Long Life LiCo Formular which isn't like a standard LiPo. It retains voltage for months on end without need for a storage charge so you can store your radio and fly once a month and not have to worry about discharging or recharging your pack. With a capacity of 2650mAh this lipoly replacement for your old NiCD or NiMH will last four to five times longer. Probably the best advantage with a lipoly transmitter battery is that it will give a true voltage reading from start to finish which means you can say goodbye to the days where you thought your Transmitter was fully charged at home, only to find the voltage drop off rapidly when at the field. Shipping All Across Pakistan COMPANY: MATRIX ELECTRONICS CONTACT PERSON: FAIZAN MUNIR Mobile:0 3002785860 Email : sales @ matrixelectronic . com w w w .matrixelectronic . com Address: Shop#2, Hassan Centre Near Passport Office Saddar karachi

Turnigy Lipo Battery The Turnigy 2650mAh Transmitter pack fits snuggly into any Futaba or Jr radio which uses a 4x4 AA cell battery configuration (see image). It includes discharge plugs for both JR, Spektrum plus other radios. It's built with a low C-rate Long Life LiCo Formular which isn't like a standard LiPo. It retains voltage for months on end without need for a storage charge so you can store your radio and fly once a month and not have to worry about discharging or recharging your pack. With a capacity of 2650mAh this lipoly replacement for your old NiCD or NiMH will last four to five times longer. Probably the best advantage with a lipoly transmitter battery is that it will give a true voltage reading from start to finish which means you can say goodbye to the days where you thought your Transmitter was fully charged at home, only to find the voltage drop off rapidly when at the field. Specification Capacity: 2650mAh Voltage: 11.1v Constant discharge: 1C Burst discharge: N/A Weight: 157g Size: 98x30x27mm Plugs: Futaba, JR/Spektrum Balance Plug: JST-XH Shipping All Across Pakistan COMPANY: MATRIX ELECTRONICS CONTACT PERSON: FAIZAN MUNIR Mobile:0 3002785860 Email : sales @ matrixelectronic . com w w w .matrixelectronic . com Address: Shop#2, Hassan Centre Near Passport Office Saddar karachi

We are holding all airlines tickets stock that are operating from pakistan to any worldwide destination either that could be in gulf countries, asia, europe, russia, uk canada, usa, australia, middle east or far east, whatever destination you do have either local or international, a2z worldwide travels and tours guarantee for the best and lowest fares in market along with rest of detailed, in addition to all these above services, we also do offer travel insurance products from different reputed insurance companies. Doing business with us means trust, reliability, customer services and peace of mind. Most of all we are at your service 24/7. In our effort to be a leader and setting new standards in the industry, we are committed to deliver best of the services to our customers. Call us today for updates and booking for any flight to any destination in the worldwide. Kind Regards, Ijaz Ali (Sales & Operational Manager) A2Z Worldwide Travels and Tours Direct Cell # +92-321-4268177 PK Office PH # +92- 42 35817106/ 0331-4730273 UK office Dir # +44- 203-371-0782 / 0208 -090 -4020/ 0208-090-4486 Uk Fax # +44- 207- 691- 7800 PK Office: -M-23 Siddiq Trade Center, Main Boulevard Gulberg II, Lahore, Pakistan Visit Our Page: - www.a2zworldwidetravels.com

Oxfordcadets Recover Explore & Groom your Slow Learning Child's Natural iQ Skills Talent Parents worried about their child's retardation may contact for more updates and possibilities Respected parents if your child is showing no progress or have less capabilities comparatively to other child' its meant there is some reason behind so to perform some higher mental functions by your such child we must interview him to know his main deficiencies and a solution will come for to recover his capabilities we use to teach in society all special children who are considered having mental retardation & the children with some specific intellectual performance deficiencies we assess them with different means and a stage comes that the same child show an unbelievable output performance we can not expect but the efforts take time to do so and we should also think upon that some problem in the development due to the deficiencies of certain things may be recovered through special food supplements and are recommended for Especially those kids or children under the age of 18 to whom we give/ considered or even called as special child or a child having some specific mental retardation A Child is regarded as mentally slow learning or ret who have iQ score less than seventy % We see that even the people grown up but they behave like a kid around in routine' its meant they don't possess the ability to think like an adult they have a Lack of intellectual & learning functions also and Some of them are even unable to learn a new absorbing or quite easy things easily' can't remember easy lessons & are unable to perform an easy task & even don't possess etiquette to meet new people or close relatives of their family members, they get rid off to attend ceremonies & functions remain dirty & even have no sense to live clean like others, they ever hesitate to work in an organization, they do not want to communicate with others & have no interest to even earn money. Such children have interest in schooling & if they r admitted in some streamline school they even remain unable to possess a good grade at school, to pass the Exms, to solve simple questions, to learn the Life-skill for to survive successfully among others. so observe your child and his habits and if you do think they are showing no developing or progress in leaning we are ever here and feel free to contact us to help you out without any further delay we will show their skills performance better to normal children and with in counted days duration and without a single fee or coin For further queries / Admission or updates And Home Tutors Please feel free to contact us or send message on Skype oxfordcadets or cell no 342 3/7/2/5 /1/2/9 Regards from' Akhtar Hayat ( Ex PAF ) Oxfordcadets' Institute for Slow Learning & Child with iQ Skills Deficiencies ( since 1990 ) Firdos Market J block Gulbrg iii Lahore Whats ap 3 3 3 4 6 -3 3- 9 9 0

No other day can be more important for a parent than the first birthday of their child. This day is well deserved by the ecstatic mother and the proud father. Their beloved child shows the first sign of keeping pace with the journey of life. This day is way too special to be described in words and the joy of it can only be felt, if not expressed. A2z Events Solutions Management organizes parties to celebrate the 1st birthday of a kid and they are one of their kinds. This special day means a lot to us too and we show our love in the form of fabulous first birthday packages which are the most coveted ones amongst our entire range. We understand the importance of this day and we ensure that it is visible in our party decorations. We have numerous theme based articles which aid us to make this event a memorable one for the kid, you and your guests. A2z Events Solutions Management packages are inclusive of all the necessary items along with a few special ones which differentiate the first-birthdays from others. After all, the first time is the most special of all times. Kind Regards, Ijaz Ali (Sales & Operational Manager) A2Z Events Solutions Management Direct Cell # +92- 321- 4268177 PK Office PH # +92- 42 35817106/+92-321-4268177 / 0331-4730273 UK office Dir # +44- 203-371-0782 / 0208 -090 -4020 PK Office: -M-23 Siddiq Trade Center, Main Boulevard Gulberg II, Lahore, Pakistan Visit Our Pages: - www a2zeventssolutions com,, www a2zeventssolutionz com,,, www a2zvents weebly com Visit us Youtube:- www youtube com/user/a2zevents Visit Facebook : - a2z events solutions Visit Flicker: - a2z events solutions