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Cambridge checkpoint books and teachers resources are available in soft copies.Year 7 8 9 English math science. Cambridge Primary secondary igcse books are available In soft copies.Send me ur gmail after purchasing to send you the book.

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Cambridge English Language Assessment is a department of the world-famous and historic University of Cambridge. Attaining one of its certificates is an achievement and a reward in itself. However, there are many other benefits to taking KET: • A KET certificate is valid for life. You will not need to take the exam again • KET is a truly international certificate, recognized around the world for business and study purposes • thousands of employers, universities and government departments officially recognize KET as a basic qualification in English • although KET is a basic exam, it offers a chance to find out your strengths and weaknesses in using English, and gives you a pathway to higher qualifications such as the Preliminary English Test (PET) and First Certificate in English (FCE) KET is at Level A2 of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) — an internationally recognized benchmark of language ability. The framework uses six levels to describe language ability from A1 to C2. 'Can Do' statements have been used to describe these levels in terms of real language skills. At A2 level, typical users can be expected to: • understand and use everyday expressions and basic phrases • introduce themselves and answer basic questions about your personal details • interact with English speakers who talk slowly and clearly Entry Requirements • Do you have basic English skills? • Can you understand simple written English? • Can you communicate in familiar situations? • Can you understand short notices and simple spoken directions? If this describes your skills now, or describes the level of skills you are working towards, then KET is the right exam for you.Recknors ESOL UKBA is Approved and Recognized WORLDWIDE to show your ability to get a higher level job! We also offer English Language courses as we are an Approved Center of ESOL UK in Karachi & Lahore. Please Contact us or Visit our Office for professional competent advice: 0332-464-1225. Karachi Office: Bungalow 5A SMCHS Opp FTC Building Sharah-e-faisal,0323-333-5867.

IELTS (International English Language Testing System) Course. IELTS INSPIRE What is IELTS? IELTS is the International English Language Testing System which tests English proficiency across the globe. Conducting 2 million tests in the past year, IELTS is the world’s most popular high stakes English-language test for study, work and migration. Which organisations accept IELTS? IELTS is accepted by more than 9,000 organisations worldwide. These include universities, immigration departments, government agencies, professional bodies and multinational companies. To search for a recognising institution, use theIELTS Global Recognition System. Who owns IELTS and who writes the test? IELTS is jointly owned by British Council, IDP: IELTS Australia and Cambridge English Language Assessment and offered through more than 1,000 test centres and locations in over 140 countries. International teams of writers contribute to IELTS test materials. Ongoing research ensures that IELTS remains fair and unbiased. Test writers from different English-speaking countries develop IELTS content so it reflects real-life situations. Why are there two versions of the test? IELTS has two versions – Academic and General Training. The Academic test is for those who want to study at a tertiary level in an English-speaking country. The General Training test is for those who want to do work experience or training programs, secondary school or migrate to an English-speaking country. All candidates take the same Listening and Speaking tests but different Reading and Writing tests. Course Outline Reading Writing Listening Speaking Class Timing Daily 1.5 hours. Total Fee for One Month: 10,000/- Total Fee for Two Months: 15,000/- For Registration : 0331-5999937, 0321-5056755. Ms Office / Basic IT Course Course Outline Introduction Ms Word Ms Excel Ms Access Ms Power point Ms Outlook Typing Internet & Email Class Timing Daily 1 Hour Course Duration : Two Months Total Fee: 5500/- Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer (MCSE) Course. (For Registration: 0331-5999937) Course Outlines of MCSE Module 1: Planning Server Upgrade and Migration Module 2: Planning and Implementing a Server Deployment Infrastructure Module 3: Designing and Maintaining an IP Configuration and Address Management Solution Module 4: Designing and Implementing Name Resolution Module 5: Designing and Implementing an Active Directory Domain Services Forest and Domain Infrastructure Module 6: Designing and Implementing an OU Infrastructure and AD DS Permissions Model Module 7: Designing and Implementing a Group Policy Object Strategy Module 8: Designing and Implementing an AD DS Physical Topology Module 10: Planning and Implementing File Services Module 11: Designing and Implementing Network Access Services Module 12: Designing and Implementing Network Protection Class Timing Daily 1.5 hours Total Fee: 8500/- CCNA (Cisco Certified Network Associate) Course Outline Introduction to CCNA Building a Simple Network Ethernet Local Area Network. Exploring the functions of Routing. Wireless Local Area Networks. Wide Area Networks. Network Environment Management. Medium Sized Switched Network Construction. Medium Sized Routed Network Connection. Single Area OPSF Implementation. EIGRP Implementation. Access Control List. Address Space Management. LAN Extension into a WAN. Class Timing Daily 2 hour Total Fee: 10,000/- Professional Networking Course Course Outline Network basics Network concepts Network architectures The OSI model Wired computer-to-computer connections Wired network connections Network interface cards and modems Network-to-network connections Network-to-network connection components LAN wiring LAN wiring tests Wired internetworking devices Basic internetworking devices Specialized internetworking devices Wired communication standards The TCP/IP protocol suite TCP/IP DHCP servers Wireless networking Wireless network devices Wireless networking standards Wireless configuration Security threats and mitigation Security threats Threat mitigation Security practices Operating systems Devices Network access control Authentication Public key cryptography Remote access Wireless security Monitoring Monitoring resources Event Viewer Troubleshooting Troubleshooting basics Troubleshooting the network Troubleshooting scenarios Class Timing Daily 1 hour Total Fee: 6500/-

English is the international and widely spoken language. If you want to excel in any field, English can save your day. From study to your professional career, working or studying in English speaking countries such as UK, Canada, USA, Australia and many more. To put things into perspective, I received my master degree from University of Wales plus English teaching certificate from Cambridge University, UK. I have more than 4 years teaching and non-teaching experience in different educational institution such as Australian Pacific Institute of Technology and non-teaching such as Ministry of Education, UNICEF etc. So far, I trained hundreds of students and professionals across the globe online. That being said, I believe I have got what it takes to be a good trainer. If you are interested to improve your communication skills, for the said reasons, please drop me a line on the given number. I look forward to hearing from you at your earliest convenience.

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If you are in search of a Dynamic and results-oriented qualified teacher committed to inculcating a passion for learning, creating awareness through teaching the fundamentals of the English language. Then I ensure you that now your search got an end because now you have reached at a right place. I am a Cambridge certified INSTRECTOR . My name is QH Babar and I am M.PHIL in linguistics , MA ENGLISH, MA TEFL, MEd . I deal with all types of English especially. M.FHIL Linguistics, MA ENGLISH literature MA ELT , MA TEFL,BA ENGLISH, SPOKEN,IELTS & BUSINESS ENGLISH with dual accent and Pronunciation of Americans and British.I teach in face to face and in classrooms. International Standardized Techniques are practiced in my teaching. Apart from this I offer online classes through Skype on internet also. Online student will be provided all videos and notes on demand. I offer English Languages to O/A levels too. What would you get from my teaching? • v MA ENGLISH LITERATURE/LINGUISTICS • v BA ENGLISH • IELTS • TKT prepration • v No Need of IELTS/ TOEFL Preparation after completing course • v Spoken English Challenges • v Teaching English – Grammar Challenges • v Presentation Skills • v Intra Personal Skills • v How to give a speech/ Presentation/ Interview • v Business and Legal English Terms • v Command on Vocal Skills Business & Social and Legal English Language Improvement • v Phonetics and Phonology • v Basic Grammar • v Business English with many technique • v E – Mail Writing • v Letter Writing • v Proposal Writing • v Agreement Writing • v All Writings of the field of Human Resource • v Essay Writing • v Social English • v Legal English • v Communication Skills • v Vocabulary Building • v Common errors of English. • v Pronunciation and Accent of English according to Native English • v Special Preparation for IELTS and TOFL Exams • IELTS • v Reading • v Listening Skills • v Writing Skills • v Speaking Skills • v Special Techniques for the Exam • v Test Session O A LEVEL I offer all Subjects of O and a levels especially LITERATURE LANGUAGES AND RESEARCH Interested people don’t hesitate to contact me any time on my cell phone given below 03459197928 Thanks & Regard Qh Babar (M PHIL LINGUISTICS,MA ENGLISG , MA TEFL , MEd) 03459197928

I moved to Islamabad 2 years ago. Cambridge certified teaching graduate. Experienced teacher of 9 years. Native British English speaker. Exciting and innovative one to one or small group lessons. I could come to you to teach. Based near I-8. Very competitive rates, special discounts for students. You will improve your accent, speed, confidence, interview techniques and many other English skills! Born & Bred in the UK. Have taught spoken English in the UK, Saudi Arabia & Islamabad. My lessons will improve your English speaking skills to a very high level. Email me for more info. Skype : nadsash76

New session of spoken English Course will be started soon in international Technology.ICTE offers different types international courses which are acceptable in domestic country as well as in all international countries i.e China Japan UAE USA Qatar Oman Behren Iran Tehran Dubai Maskat and all other international countries.These courses are acceptable in world wide and certification provided by ICTE is approved by Government and acceptable in all international countries.This course is designed for students and employees who are keen to improve their knowledge of English vocabulary & grammar in general and communicative ability in particular, so that they may be able to communicate in English with confidence. Students successfully completing this course will always find themselves well-equipped in terms of effective communication skillsEnglish is a West Germanic language that originated from Anglo-Frisian dialects brought to Britain in the mid 5th to 7th centuries AD by Anglo-Saxon settlers. With the end of Roman rule in 410 AD, Latin ceased to be a major influence on the Celtic languages spoken by the majority of the population. English is now thought to be one of the most important languages in the world. One of the reasons is that English is spoken as the first language in many countries. There are 104 countries where English is spoken as the first language.Communicating your intellect to people is what we all need to stand out in a community of intellectuals. The unique and diverse methods human beings can use to communicate through written and spoken language is a large part of what allows harnessing our innate ability to form lasting bonds with one another.Improve your listening and English comprehension skills with native English through ear training and visual learning thanks to the native English speaking teacher, interactive board, subtitles. Spoken English Course in Rawalpindi Islamabad Taxila Attock Sarghoda , Lahore, Karachi, Gilgit, Skardu, Ghangche, taxila, Shigar, Astore, Diamer, Ghizer, Kharmang, Gultari, Rondo, Hunza Nagar, Gupi, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Mirpur, Bhimber, Kotli, Rawlakot, Bagh, Bahawalpur, Bhakkar, Chakwal, Chiniot, Dera Ghazi Khan, Faisalabad, Gujranwala, Gujrat, Hafizabad, Jhang, Jhelum, Kasur, Khanewal, Khushab, Layyah, Lodharan, Mandi-Bahuddin, Mianwali, Multan, Muzaffargarh, Nankana Sahib, Narowal, Okara, Pakpattan, Rahim Yar Khan, Rajanpur, Sahiwal, Sargodha, Sheikhupura, Sialkot, Toba tek Singh, Vehari, Attock, Taxila, Wah Cantt, Rawalpindi, Balochistan, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Punjab, Sindh, Gilgit Baltistan, Turbat, Sibi, Chaman, Lasbela, Zhob, Gwadar, Nasiraba, Jaffarabad, Hub, Dera Murad Jamali, Dera Allah Yar, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Peshawar, Mardan, Abbottabad, Mingor, Kohat, Bannu, Swabi, Dera Ismail Khan, Charsadda, Nowshera, Mansehra, Hyderabad, Sukkur, Larkana, Nawabshah, Nanak wara, Mirpur Khas, Jacobabad, Shikarpur, Khairpur, Pakistan.No previous English knowledge is required.The course is recommended to anyone who wants to learn English fast and easy and is designed for beginners. We start with the absolute basics. Videos are in English with captions / subtitles. English Immersion is widely considered to be the best method of learning English.Native English speaking teacher with perfect accent. If you're a visual learner you'll love the interactive board, the subtitles and the included .pdf materials. Free Demo Lessons and quizzes.Spoken English Course in Rawalpindi Islamabad Wah Kahuta Attock pehsawar Bannu Lahore, Karachi, Gilgit, Skardu, Ghangche, taxila, Shigar, Astore, Diamer, Ghizer, Kharmang, Gultari, Rondo, Hunza Nagar, Gupi, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Mirpur, Bhimber, Kotli, Rawlakot, Bagh, Bahawalpur, Bhakkar, Chakwal, Chiniot, Dera Ghazi Khan, Faisalabad, Gujranwala, Gujrat, Hafizabad, Jhang, Jhelum, Kasur, Khanewal, Khushab, Layyah, Lodharan, Mandi-Bahuddin, Mianwali, Multan, Muzaffargarh, Nankana Sahib, Narowal, Okara, Pakpattan, Rahim Yar Khan, Rajanpur, Sahiwal, Sargodha, Sheikhupura, Sialkot, Toba tek Singh, Vehari, Attock, Taxila, Wah Cantt, Rawalpindi, Balochistan, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Punjab, Sindh, Gilgit Baltistan, Turbat, Sibi, Chaman, Lasbela, Zhob, Gwadar, Nasiraba, Jaffarabad, Hub, Dera Murad Jamali, Dera Allah Yar, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Peshawar, Mardan, Abbottabad, Mingor, Kohat, Bannu, Swabi, Dera Ismail Khan, Charsadda, Nowshera, Mansehra, Hyderabad, Sukkur, Larkana, Nawabshah, Nanak wara, Mirpur Khas, Jacobabad, Shikarpur, Khairpur, Pakistan.Basic Grammar (strong grip on structural and functional grammar). Communication skills through group work / pair work . Role-plays, Jig-Saw activities, Discussions, Debates etc. Writing Applications, Formal letters, Essays, Stories, Poems, Book reviews and day-to-day accounts. Rich Vocabulary, Basic Literature. Received Pronunciation. Listening skills polished through tape scripts in language labs. Presentations at academic level. Basic phonetics-introduction to the vowels & consonants

Spoken English Course in Kohat, Sohawa International college of technical education All type of courses and diplomas offered by international college of technical education is acceptable in international countries as well as in domestic country. Admission open and started the class, 03115193625. There are only three basic tenses in the English language: the past, the present, and the future. The past tense is used for anything that happened before this moment in time. According to the British Council Learn English webpage, being fluent means you speak easily, quickly and with no pauses. It is perhaps a little odd to suggest that a person who speaks a language well does so without pausing. I like to speak English. And I think it's easy. ... It's very extensive so there's a word for everything you want to express, but also the sense and the possibility of liberty that English gives you to connect with people around the world. So... the freedom, really, associated with English. English is almost certainly considered as one of the most important subject that a student can learn from school. ... The importance of this one is that it helps students to read and write well, how to use the English Language to its greatest effect and being creative with the language itself. Another way to describe language is in terms of the four basic language skills: listening, speaking, reading, and writing. The first, and most obvious reason that English became widespread in the first place is because of the British Empire. ... So English then became an elitist language of sorts, spoken by those who were educated in literature, philosophy and poetry, much like French was back when it was the most widely spoken language. We can use it to bring the world together, to communicate with people from foreign countries and to understand each other better. Not only will it make traveling easier, but English will also allow you to know more about global trends, culture and social issues. However, if you want to become fluent in English, then you should try to learn English without studying the grammar. ... I often ask my native English friends some grammar questions, and only a few of them know the correct answer. However, they are fluent in English and can read, speak, listen, and communicate effectively. Spoken English Course in Rawalpindi, Islamabad, Lahore, Karachi, Gilgit, Skardu, Ghangche, taxila, Shigar, Astore, Diamer, Ghizer, Kharmang, Gultari, Rondo, Hunza Nagar, Gupi, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Mirpur, Bhimber, Kotli, Rawlakot, Bagh, Bahawalpur, Bhakkar, Chakwal, Chiniot, Dera Ghazi Khan, Faisalabad, Gujranwala, Gujrat, Hafizabad, Jhang, Jhelum, Kasur, Khanewal, Khushab, Layyah, Lodharan, Mandi-Bahuddin, Mianwali, Multan, Muzaffargarh, Nankana Sahib, Narowal, Okara, Pakpattan, Rahim Yar Khan, Rajanpur, Sahiwal, Sargodha, Sheikhupura, Sialkot, Toba tek Singh, Vehari, Attock, Taxila, Wah Cantt, Rawalpindi, Balochistan, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Punjab, Sindh, Gilgit Baltistan, Turbat, Sibi, Chaman, Lasbela, Zhob, Gwadar, Nasiraba, Jaffarabad, Hub, Dera Murad Jamali, Dera Allah Yar, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Peshawar, Mardan, Abbottabad, Mingor, Kohat, Bannu, Swabi, Dera Ismail Khan, Charsadda, Nowshera, Mansehra, Hyderabad, Sukkur, Larkana, Nawabshah, Nanak wara, Mirpur Khas, Jacobabad, Shikarpur, Khairpur, Pakistan. for further detail of all courses our the website www.icollegete.com www.courses.com

"The Canadian Educare System" is the best institute for spoken English. we offers Business English, Spoken English and IELTS classes by CAMBRIDGE certified instructor with more than 5 years experience. For Further Information please catch us directly on the number provided on our add. Or you can also visit our office: Address: Office # 7 2nd Floor, Al-Baber Centre, F8 Markaz Islamabad You can also join us on Face book: Best IELTS Institute In Islamabad.

THE IELTS ZONE Islamabad is British Council Gold Partner and member of Canadian English Council Alberta. The only institute in Pakistan whose teachers are directly trained by British Council and Canadian English Council directly. We have been best by maintaining a standard of 7+ IELTS as average since many years for both Academic & General IELTS. THE IELTS ZONE Is also offering SPOKEN ENGLISH Course for BEGINNERS and PROFESSIONAL Level. Why IELTS ZONE should be first your first choice??? (i) Morning - Evening Classes (ii) Individual & batch Classes (iii) 40% Fee concession For the Group Registrations ( Minimum 3 persons) (iv) Official Gold Member of British Council & also in association with Australian Education Organisation (AEO) (v) Highly Trained n Experienced faculty in Islamabad. (vi) Weekend classes for Working People (vii) Skype classes option also available (viiI) Weekly basis Mock Tests For Further Information please catch us directly at PH: 051-2287353-4 Cel: 0324- 5804049 Skype: ieltszone.pk Or you can also visit our office: Address: Office # 14, 2nd Floor, Al-Baber Centre, F8 Markaz Islamabad You can also join us on Facebook: Best IELTS Institute In Islamabad

@ vision "college of skills & Visual Art" British council certified centre IPP ). SPELT ( R ). Cambridge teachers member. British Council Trained Consultant. What we offer. Ielts. Spoken english. Fashion design. Beautician. A level. O LEVEL. Coaching campus. Admissions abroad. Uk .AUSTRALIA. CANADA. .. Uk Qualified Ielts Preprator & British council Trained Consultant Director Adeel Raza Syed UK QUALIFIED. British Council Trained consultant. Ielts preprator. 0483769068 0483741109 03006003712 .03216000306 Www.vision.net.pk Info.visioncampus@gmail.com

Institute of Technologies Pakistan.051-4852895. Rawlapindi.Islamabad.Microsoft Office is an office suite of applications, servers and services. It was first announced by Bill Gates of Microsoft on 1 August 1988 at COMDEX in Las Vegas. Initially a marketing term for a bundled set of applications, the first version of Office contained Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel and Microsoft PowerPoint. Over the years, Office applications have grown substantially closer with shared features such as a common spell checker, OLE data integration and Visual Basic for Applications scripting language. Microsoft also positions Office as a development platform for line-of-business software under the Office Business Applications brand. On 10 July 2012, Softpedia reported that Office is used by over a billion people worldwide. The desktop version of Office is available for Windows and OS X. A touch-optimised version of Microsoft Office is available pre-installed on Windows RT tablets. A mobile version of Office, Office Mobile, is available for free on Windows Phone, iOS and Android. A web-based version of Office, Office Online, is also available.[5] Microsoft has stated that it plans to create a version of Office for "other popular platforms" as well.[citation needed] The current desktop version is Office 2016 for Windows and OS X, released on 22 September 2015[6] and 9 July 2015,[3] respectively. Contents 1 Desktop components 1.1 Word 1.2 Excel 1.3 PowerPoint 1.4 Access 1.5 Outlook 1.6 OneNote 1.7 Other desktop applications 1.8 Server applications 1.9 Web services 2 Office Mobile 3 Common features 4 File formats and metadata 5 Extensibility 6 Password protection 7 Versions available 7.1 Compatibility 7.2 Licensing 7.3 Support 8 Discontinued applications and features 8.1 Discontinued server applications 8.2 Discontinued web services 9 Version history 9.1 Windows versions 9.2 Mac versions 10 References 11 External links Desktop components[edit] Word Main article: Microsoft Word Microsoft Word is a word processor and was previously considered the main program in Office. Its proprietary DOC format is considered a de facto standard, although Word 2007 can also use a new XML-based, Microsoft Office-optimized format called .DOCX, which has been standardized by Ecma International as Office Open XML, and its SP2 update supports PDF and a limited ODF.[7] Word is also available in some editions of Microsoft Works. It is available for the Windows and OS X platforms. The first version of Word, released in the autumn of 1983, was for the MS-DOS operating system and had the distinction of introducing the mouse to a broad population. Word 1.0 could be purchased with a bundled mouse, though none was required. Following the precedents of LisaWrite and MacWrite, Word for Macintosh attempted to add closer WYSIWYG features into its package. Word for Mac was released in 1985. Word for Mac was the first graphical version of Microsoft Word. Excel Main article: Microsoft Excel Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet program that originally competed with the dominant Lotus 1-2-3, and eventually outsold it. It is available for the Windows and OS X platforms. Microsoft released the first version of Excel for the Mac OS in 1985, and the first Windows version (numbered 2.05 to line up with the Mac and bundled with a standalone Windows run-time environment) in November 1987. It provided more functionality than the previous version. PowerPoint Main article: Microsoft PowerPoint Microsoft PowerPoint is a presentation program for Windows and OS X. It is used to create slideshows, composed of text, graphics, and other objects, which can be displayed on-screen and shown by the presenter or printed out on transparencies or slides. Access Main article: Microsoft Access Microsoft Access is a database management system for Windows that combines the relational Microsoft Jet Database Engine with a graphical user interface and software-development tools. Microsoft Access stores data in its own format based on the Access Jet Database Engine. It can also import or link directly to data stored in other applications and databases. Outlook Main articles: Microsoft Outlook and Microsoft Entourage Microsoft Outlook (not to be confused with Outlook Express) is a personal information manager. The replacement for Windows Messaging, Microsoft Mail, and Schedule+ starting in Office 97, it includes an e-mail client, calendar, task manager and address book. On the Mac OS, Microsoft offered several versions of Outlook in the late 1990s, but only for use with Microsoft Exchange Server. In Office 2001, it introduced an alternative application with a slightly different feature set called Microsoft Entourage. It reintroduced Outlook in Office 2011, replacing Entourage.[9] OneNote Main article: Microsoft OneNote Microsoft OneNote is a freeware notetaking program. It gathers notes (handwritten or typed), drawings, screen clippings and audio commentaries. Notes can be shared with other OneNote users over the Internet or a network. OneNote was initially introduced as a standalone app that was not included in any of Microsoft Office 2003 editions. However, OneNote eventually became a core component of Microsoft Office; with the release of Microsoft Office 2013, OneNote was included in all Microsoft Office offerings before eventually becoming completely free of charge. OneNote is available as a web application on Office Online, a Windows desktop app, a mobile app for Windows Phone, iOS, Android, and Symbian, and a Metro-style app for Windows 8 or later. Other desktop applications Other desktop applications included in Microsoft Office suite include: Microsoft Publisher: desktop publishing app mostly used for designing brochures, labels, calendars, greeting cards, business cards, newsletters, web site, and postcards Microsoft Lync: integrated communications client for conferences and meetings in real time (known as Microsoft Office Communicator in Office 2007, bundled with Professional Plus and Enterprise editions[10]). In 2015 Q1 Microsoft re branded Lync as 'skype for business' after acquiring Skype. Microsoft Project: project management software to keep track of events and to create network charts and Gantt charts, not bundled in any Office suite Microsoft Visio: diagram and flowcharting program not bundled in any Office suite Microsoft SharePoint Designer: a specialized HTML editor for Windows that develops SharePoint sites, now part of Microsoft SharePoint family and offered as an independent freeware download Server applications[edit] Microsoft SharePoint: collaboration server Excel Services InfoPath Forms Services Microsoft Project Server: project management server Microsoft Search Server Microsoft Lync Server (formerly Office Communications Server and Live Communications Server) – real time communications server Web services[edit] Docs.com: A place where Office users can discover, upload and share Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Sway and PDF files on their profile page Microsoft Office Online: A suite of web-based versions of Microsoft Word, Excel, OneNote and PowerPoint Sway: A presentation web app in preview status released in October 2014. It also has a native app for iOS and Windows 10. Microsoft Office website: The official website of Microsoft Office Microsoft Update: Web site. Patch detection and installation service for Microsoft Office. Microsoft Office 365: Subscription-based software services that licenses Microsoft Office products for on-premises or cloud-based use. Office Mobile Main article: Microsoft Office Mobile Office Mobile includes the scaled-down and touch-optimised versions of Word, Excel and PowerPoint. Other Office applications such as OneNote, Lync and Outlook are available as standalone apps.[11] Office Mobile enables users to save and access documents on OneDrive, OneDrive for Business, and SharePoint. Additionally, the Windows Phone version also allows users to save files locally on the device. According to Microsoft, Office Mobile for iPhone and Android are "very similar" to each other, whereas the Windows Phone version provides a "richer, more integrated experience". Office Mobile for iPhone was released on 14 June 2013 in the United States.[13] Support for 135 markets and 27 languages was rolled out over a few days.[14] It requires iOS 7 or later.[15] Although the app also works on iPad devices, excluding the first generation, it is designed for a small screen.[13] Office Mobile was released for Android phones on 31 July 2013 in the United States. Support for 117 markets and 33 languages was added gradually over several weeks.[12] It is supported on Android 4.0 and later.[16] Office Mobile for both iPhone and Android, available for free from the App Store and Google Play Store respectively, initially required a qualifying Office 365 subscription to activate, but in March 2014, with the release of Office for iPad, the apps were updated making them fully free for home use, although a subscription is still required for business use. On 6 November 2014, Microsoft released updated versions of Word, Excel and Powerpoint for iOS. On 24 June 2015, Microsoft released updated versions of Word, Excel and Powerpoint for Android. In January 2015, Microsoft unveiled updated universal app versions of the Office applications for Windows 10 devices—including tablets and smartphones—that are based upon the previously released Android and iOS apps. Common features Most versions of Microsoft Office (including Office 97 and later) use their own widget set and do not exactly match the native operating system. This is most apparent in Microsoft Office XP and 2003, where the standard menus were replaced with a colored, flat-looking, shadowed menu style. The user interface of a particular version of Microsoft Office often heavily influences a subsequent version of Microsoft Windows. For example, the toolbar, colored buttons and the gray-colored 3D look of Office 4.3 were added to Windows 95, and the ribbon, introduced in Office 2007, has been incorporated into several programs bundled with Windows 7 and later. Users of Microsoft Office may access external data via connection-specifications saved in Office Data Connection (.odc) files.[25] Both Windows and Office use service packs to update software. Office had non-cumulative service releases, which were discontinued after Office 2000 Service Release 1. Past versions of Office often contained Easter eggs. For example, Excel 97 contained a reasonably functional flight-simulator. Office XP and later do not have any Easter eggs, in compliance with Trustworthy Computing guidelines. File formats and metadata Microsoft Office prior to Office 2007 used proprietary file formats based on the OLE Compound File Binary Format.[26] This forced users who share data to adopt the same software platform.[27] In 2008, Microsoft made the entire documentation for the binary Office formats freely available for download and granted any possible patents rights for use or implementations of those binary format for free under the Open Specification Promise.[28][29] Previously, Microsoft had supplied such documentation freely but only on request. Starting with Office 2007, the default file format has been a version of Office Open XML, though different than the one standardized and published by Ecma International and by ISO/IEC. Microsoft has granted patent rights to the formats technology under the Open Specification Promise[31] and has made available free downloadable converters for previous versions of Microsoft Office including Office 2003, Office XP, Office 2000[32] and Office 2004 for OS X. Third-party implementations of Office Open XML exist on the Windows platform (LibreOffice, all platforms), OS X platform (iWork '08, LibreOffice) and Linux (LibreOffice and OpenOffice.org 3.0). In addition, Office 2010 and Service Pack 2 for Office 2007 supports the OpenDocument Format (ODF) for opening and saving documents. Microsoft provides the ability to remove metadata from Office documents. This was in response to highly publicized incidents where sensitive data about a document was leaked via its metadata.[33] Metadata removal was first available in 2004, when Microsoft released a tool called Remove Hidden Data Add-in for Office 2003/XP for this purpose.[34] It was directly integrated into Office 2007 in a feature called the Document Inspector Extensibility A major feature of the Office suite is the ability for users and third party companies to write add-ins (plug-ins) that extend the capabilities of an application by adding custom commands and specialized features. One of the new features is the Office Store.[35] Plugins and other tools can be downloaded by users.[36] Developers can make money by selling their applications in the Office Store. The revenue is divided between the developer and Microsoft where developer gets 80% of the money.[37] Developers are able to share applications with all Office users (who Microsoft says number at 1 billion).[37] One such example of Office app is a heat map for Excel. The app travels with the document, and it's up to the developer what the recipient will see when they open it. They'll either have the option to download the app from the Office Store for free, start a free trial or be directed to payment.[37] With Office's cloud abilities, IT department can create a set of apps for their business employees.[38] When employees go to the Office Store, they'll see their company's apps under My Organization. The apps that employees have personally downloaded will appear under My Apps.[37] Developers can use web technologies like HTML5, XML, CSS3, JavaScript, and APIs for building the apps.[39] An application for Office is a webpage that is hosted inside an Office client application. User can use apps to amplify the functionality of a document, email message, meeting request, or appointment. Apps can run in multiple environments and by multiple clients, including rich Office desktop clients, Office Web Apps, mobile browsers, and also on-premises and in the cloud.[39] The type of add-ins supported differ by Office versions: Office 97 onwards (standard Windows DLLs i.e. Word WLLs and Excel XLLs) Office 2000 onwards (COM add-ins)[40] Office XP onwards (COM/OLE Automation add-ins)[41] Office 2003 onwards (Managed code add-ins – VSTO solutions)[42] Password protection[edit] Main article: Microsoft Office password protection Microsoft Office has security feature which allows users to encrypt Office (Word, Excel, PowerPoint) documents with user provided password. User password can contain up to 255 characters and uses AES 128-bit advanced encryption by default.[43] Password could be used to restrict modification of the entire document, worksheet or presentation. Due to lack of document encryption most passwords could be cracked using a third-party cracking software.[44] Versions available[edit] Compatibility[edit] Microsoft supports Office for the Windows and OS X platforms, as well as mobile versions for Windows Phone, Android and iOS platforms. Beginning with Mac Office 4.2, the OS X and Windows versions of Office share the same file format, and are interoperable. Visual Basic for Applications support was dropped in Microsoft Office 2008 for Mac,[45] then reintroduced in Office for Mac 2011.[46] Microsoft tried in the mid-1990s to port Office to RISC processors such as NEC/MIPS and IBM/PowerPC, but they met problems such as memory access being hampered by data structure alignment requirements. Microsoft Word 97 and Excel 97 however did ship for the DEC Alpha platform. Difficulties in porting Office may have been a factor in discontinuing Windows NT on non-Intel platforms.[47] Stuart Cohen, CEO of Open Source Development Labs, conjectured in 2006 that Microsoft would eventually release a Linux port of Office,[48] which occurred via Microsoft Office Mobile for Android phones (OS 4.0 or later) in 2013 and tablets (OS 4.4 or later) in 2015. Office is also available for iOS, another Unix-like platform. Office for Windows Phone and the older Windows Mobile are distinguished from Windows NT versions.